ABSTRACT
China has the largest aging population in the world and is facing unprecedented challenges from aging,with fracture of the elderly as one example.The bone density of the elderly is significantly reduced,which mostly combined with osteoporosis.Osteoporosis can lead to fragile fractures,with hip fracture as the most commonly seen type.The incidence of complications and mortality of the elderly patients with fractures is very high,which is the rather serious challenge for the clinical management.In accordance with the main topic of bone trauma in the elderly for the whole year of 2020,the author briefly analyzes the characteristics,treatment and prevention of fractures of the elderly so as to arouse attention to the fractures in the elderly.
ABSTRACT
China has the largest aging population in the world and is facing unprecedented challenges from aging, with fracture of the elderly as one example. The bone density of the elderly is significantly reduced, which mostly combined with osteoporosis. Osteoporosis can lead to fragile fractures, with hip fracture as the most commonly seen type. The incidence of complications and mortality of the elderly patients with fractures is very high, which is the rather serious challenge for the clinical management. In accordance with the main topic of bone trauma in the elderly for the whole year of 2020, the author briefly analyzes the characteristics, treatment and prevention of fractures of the elderly so as to arouse attention to the fractures in the elderly.
ABSTRACT
In the early days after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), trauma was only treated as a surgical disease, and the discipline construction was obviously lagging behind. The development of modern trauma medicine in China commenced after the reform and opening-up, with the gradual establishment of trauma department at some hospitals. The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake made traumatology highly valued. The Notice on Further Enhancing the Ability of Trauma Rescue issued by the National Health Commission in 2018 marked a historical period for the best opportunity of traumatology development. The author briefly describes the achievements made in trauma discipline (trauma center), academic platform, professional training, database construction and rescue ability in the past 70 years since the founding of People's Republic of China. Meanwhile, the author proposes to build a national trauma medical system, standardize and intellectualize trauma registration, and establish a national trauma database.
ABSTRACT
In the early days after the founding of People's Republic of China ( PRC) , trauma was only treated as a surgical disease, and the discipline construction was obviously lagging behind. The development of modern trauma medicine in China commenced after the reform and opening-up, with the gradual establishment of trauma department at some hospitals. The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake made traumatology highly valued. The Notice on Further Enhancing the Ability of Trauma Rescue issued by the National Health Commission in 2018 marked a historical period for the best opportunity of traumatology development. The author briefly describes the achievements made in trauma discipline ( trauma center) , academic platform, professional training, database construction and rescue ability in the past 70 years since the founding of People's Republic of China. Meanwhile, the author proposes to build a national trauma medical system, standardize and intellectualize trauma registration, and establish a national trauma database.
ABSTRACT
The author has witnessed the past 60 years of Burn Institute of Southwest Hospital after her establishment. This article reviews the past, discusses the present, and expects the future.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore a separation and culture method of human adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) suitable for the clinical application .Methods The non-enzymatic method and the collagenase digestion method were adopted to isolate and culture the cells from the human adipose tissue in the individuals with liposuction .The characteristics of isolated mesenchymal stem cells were comparatively analyzed .Results The required time in the non-enzymatic method was one third of that in the collagenase di-gestion method and the cellular morphology ,reproductive capacity ,immunophenotype and differentiation potential of the isolated cells were consistent to those isolated by the collagenase digestion method .Conclusion The no-enzymatic method may isolate and culture ADSCs from the adipose tissue in the individual with liposuction ,which is a safety and reliable isolation and culture method of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells suitable for clinical application .
ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a special seismic trauma database that could record and analyze the data including injuries, trauma cares and outcomes. Methods (1) The items and content of the database were determined based on the method of evidence-based medicine. (2)The fields, tables, items and options of the seismic trauma database were designed. (3) The database software was developed based on dot net framework platform, with C# as programming language. (4)The database was used to record and manage data of injuries caused by 5.12 earthquake. Results The Seismic Trauma Database Version 1.0 was developed with 728 fields (including 380 inner fields) and normative content and structure. The database software could record 10 aspects of the seismic patients including basic information, injuries, transfer and evacuation, clinical medical care, outcome and discharge. The database software had combination, custom queries and meta-analysis functions. Conclusions This database software can conveniently and normally record and manage the information of the seismic patients, can systemize and analyze the data conveniently and is an excellent data platform for trauma care research and epidemiologic study of seismic injuries.
ABSTRACT
Objective The purpose of this paper was to use a new biphasic poroelastic tibia model to develop a two-dimensional numerical method for simulating impact responses of human tibia in car-pedestrian accidents. Methods The geometry of tibia model was reconstructed from CT scans of the left tibia of a living human volunteer. A poroelastic approach was utilized to establish the governing equations of the model and the finite element method was applied to solve these governing equations. Both cortical and cancellous components of tibia were represented using a poroelastic material model consisting of solid phase (matrix) and fluid phase (marrow). A lateral-medial impact direction was selected in the simulation analysis and the impact responses of the pedestrian tibia during 0-200 ms were analyzed. Results The bending deformation of the tibia predicted by the computer simulation was primarily concentrated on the impact zones. The displacement response of Node 107 in the impact zone indicated a peak displacement of -6 mm at around 75 ms, and the significant time delay between the impact force and the displacement response of the skeleton. The axial stress response at the center of element E77 in the impact zone indicated a peak stress of 140 MPa at around 30 ms,and the significant time delay was observed between the impact force and the axial stress response of the skeleton, too. Conclusion This research developed a two-dimensional numerical method for simulating impact responses of human tibia in car-pedestrian accidents. It was able to approximately simulate the bending deformation, lateral displacement response and axial stress response of pedestrian tibia in the impact zones,and the effects of the fluid phase on the solid phase. More in-depth investigation is helpful to further the biofidelity of tibia dynamics model.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the positive influence of a standard trauma system on the care of severely injured patients.Methods The severely injured patients (NISS≥16 points)were divided into study group ( in 2006-2008,after the establishment of trauma center in our hospital) and control group (in 2001-2005,before the establishment of trauma center),which was bound by the establishment of the trauma center in our hospital in January 2006.The injury severity,care and outcomes were recorded by using China Trauma Database and changes in efficiency and quality of injury care were compared.Results The study group (66 patients) and control group (260 patients) with NISS of (20.59 ±4.63)points and (20.57 ± 5.38 ) points respectively,were similar in the distribution of severity ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The emergency care time was (0.33 ± 0.03) hour in the study group,which was significantly shortened compared with (0.57 ±0.35 ) hours in the control group (P ＜ 0.01 ).The length of hospital stay was (27.64 ±29.01 ) days in the study group,which was shorter than (30.84 ± 32.87 ) days in the control group (P ＞ 0.05 ),while the length of ICU stay was (2.98 ± 5.77 ) days in the study group,longer than (2.65 ± 7.00) days in the control group (P ＞ 0.05 ).The recovery rate was significantly increased from 76.5％ to 87.9％ (P ＜0.05) and mortality was significantly decreased from 20.8％ to 9.1％ (P ＜0.05).Conclusion The study indicates that the standard first aid model can notably improve the trauma care in our hospital.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo study the characteristics and risk factors of traffic injuries among the adolescents (0-19 years old) in the urban and rural areas of Chongqing and discuss the preventive strategy. MethodsData of road traffic crashes and injuries involving 0-19 years old adolescents over a seven-year period (2000-2006) in three districts of Chongqing was picked up from Road _Traffic Crashes and Injuries Database. Epidemiological characteristics of the traffic crashes and injuries among 0-19 years old adolescents were analyzed and differences between rural and urban areas were studied. ResultsFrom 2000 to 2006, both incidence rate and mortality rate peaked in the urban fringe area were 95.43/100 000 and 3.44/100 000 respectively. Traffic accidents in the suburbs and counties had the highest injury extent, with mortality rate of 9.06％ and severe injury rate of 17.33％. Brain injuries were the primary cause of death. Among the victims, 62.7％ were the pedestrians, of which 20.72％ bore equal responsibility because of disobeying traffic signals, suddenly walking across roads and not walking along the sidewalk. Ninety percentage of the traffic accidents occurred in the sections with no traffic signals or traffic control system. ConclusionIt is important to enhance the traffic safety consciousness of teenagers and children, strengthen preventive measures in fringe areas and rural areas and improve the emergency medical system in rural areas to provide the teenagers and children with a safety traffic environment.
ABSTRACT
Objective:Labview and VC were used to design software based on the Active One biopotential measurement system to realize the visual evoked potential based brain-computer interface.Methods:The data acquisition software was designed by Labview,the human-interface,real time signal processing and dynamic link library software were designed by VC.Data transmission between Labview and VC was realized through the dynamic link library using shared memory technology.The multimedia timer,DirectDraw technology and parallel port data output were used to design the visual stimulation interface.The 5 points averaging filter combining with averaging method were used to detect the visual evoked potential and the correlation coefficient was computed for signal recognization.Results:The experiments showed that the visual stimulator can produce effective visual stimulation.The data transmission method using the dynamic link library can satisfy the requirement of the system.Conclusions:The real-time signal processing method can improve signal-noise ratio and realize detection and recognization of visual evoked potential.The system can determine which module the subject was fixating and the result was feedback to the subject in real time.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of stromal cell-derived factor-1 α (SDF-1 α) on inducing recruitment of bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) to wound area. Methods BMDCs were isolated from bone marrow, cultured with routine method and identified by CXCR4 antibody. Cells cultured with CXCR4 antibody (100 ng,/mL) for 6 hours were labeled with CM-DiI and injected into the tail vein of full-thickness incisional wound model (set as anti-CXCR4 group). BMDCs labeled with CM-DiI without antibody treatment were injected to the rats in BMDCs group, and rats were injected with DMEM/F12 serum-free medium in the control group. The quantity of labeled BMDCs at the wound site and the percentage of wound closure were measured. Results (1) All BMDCs expressed CXCR4. (2) The percentages of wound closure at days 7 and 14 in BMDCs group (7 d: 41.3% ±4.6%; 14 d:92.3% ±2. 1%) were significantly higher than those of control group (7 d: 29.3% ±2. 3%; 14 d: 77.3% ±2.5%) and anti-CXCR4 group (7 d: 30.7% ±4.6% ;14 d: 85.7% ±1.5%) (P＜0.05). The percentage of wound closure of anti-CXCR4 group was significantly higher than that of control group at day 14(P ＜ 0.05). (3) The number of CM-DiI labeled BMDCs at wound site at days 7 and 14 in BMDCs group [7 d: (535 ±84) cells/hpf; 14 d: (769 ±124) cells/hpf) were greater than those of anti-CXCR4 group [7 d: (335 ±97) cells/hpf; 14 d: (521 ± 127) cells/hpf] (P＜0.05). Conclusions BMDCs participate in the cutaneous wound healing. SDF-1α plays an important role in recruiting BMDCs to wound area.
ABSTRACT
The second Chinese visible human (CVH) data has been used to build a more precise finite element model of Chinese head via 3-D image reconstruction, solid model reconstruction, finite element meshing, and assembling of finite element model. This second case of finite element model of Chinese head contains skull, facial bones, inferior maxilla, cerebral falx, brain, cerebellum brainstem, and so on. All the mesh elements, according to their main quality check results in line with the engineering requirements, were identified as solid elements, and the numbers of nodes and elements were determined to be 31 223 and 19 911 respectively. The model is coincident with the anatomy of human head; and its accuracy in some region, especially in fundus cranii and fundus cranii, is more excellent than that of the other models based on CT/MRL The development of the first head finite element model based on CVH data has brought on a remarkable progress in the application of CVH platform.
Subject(s)
Humans , China , Finite Element Analysis , Head , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Visible Human ProjectsABSTRACT
AIM: To study the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. METHODS: Rat pulmonary micro-vascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) were cultured by lung tissue block pasted methods, and identified immunocytochemically using Ⅷ factor-related antigen. The cells were treated with different doses TNF-α (prepared in serum-free medium) for 4 h. Subcellular localization and levels of Nrf2 in PMVECs were observed with immunocytochemical methods. Nuclear extract were obtained to assayed transcriptional activity of Nrf2 with EMSA. Total RNA were isolated to assay the mRNA expression of Nrf2 by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The protein level of Nrf2 in the nuclei and transcriptional activity increased dose-dependently in PMVECs after treated with TNF-α at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 μg/L. However, the protein level of Nrf2 in nuclei and transcriptional activity decreased dose-dependently in PMVECs after treated with TNF-α at concentrations of 20 or 40 μg/L. No different mRNA expression of Nrf2 in PMVECs treated with TNF-α at all concentration above was observed. CONCLUSION: Transcriptional activity of Nrf2 increases in PMVECs treated with low or moderate doses of TNF-α and decreases in PMVECs treated with high doses of TNF-α.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) on crossorgan sensitization and bladder function disorders in rat model with visceral hypersensitivity. Methods The model of cross-organ sensitization was induced by basic OVA-sensitization combined with colon mustard oil instillation in 44 female SD rats. All rats were then divided into control group (n= 14,infusion with 0.9% NaCl solution), model group (n= 14) and N/OFQ group (n= 16, infusion with N/OFQ). The anti-nociceptive effect of N/OFQ were evaluated by using the visceromotor response (VMR) to grade bladder distention (0. 5～2.0 ml, 20 s). Bladder function was evaluated with the cystometry by measuring voiding pressure and micturition frequency. Results The rats in model group had a significant increase of VMR response at 1.0 ml, 1.5 ml and 2.0 ml of pressure when compared to those in control group (P=0. 006,0. 015 and 0. 0331, respectively). However, N/OFQ treatment was able to reverse the increased VMR response in N/OFQ group at 1.5 ml and 2.0 ml of pressure (P=0. 016 and 0. 031, respectively). It was showed that mustard oil significantly reduced bladdervoiding pressure (P＜0. 01) and significantly increased micturition frequency (P＜0.01)in model group when compared to control group. The N/OFQ reversed the decrease of voiding pressure (P=0. 0038) and the increase of micturition frequency in N/OFQ group( P = 0. 001). Conclusions These findings indicate that the rat model of cross-organ sensitization was able to be established successfully by the basic OVA-sensitization combined with colon mustard oil instillation. N/OFQ has an antinociceptive effect on cross-organ hypersensitivity and attenuates changes in bladder urodynamic function.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective To study the incidence, character and related risk factors of post trauma stress disorders (PTSD) after road traffic accidents. Methods Inpatients after road traffic accidents from January 2001 to January 2005 were surveyed with self-made questionnaire. The incidence, clinical symptoms and related factors of PTSD were analyzed. Results 156 cases (7.53％) were diagnosed as PTSD among all subjects and their major clinical manifestation including difficulty of falling or staying asleep, compulsion of re-experience traumatic process and excessive startled reactions. The related factors of PTSD including the personality, the degree of education, family harmony and compensation. Conclusion PTSD is common in patients injured in road traffic accidents. Early psychological intervention for susceptible may be needed.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare curative effect of decompression and conservative treatment for traumatic superior orbital fissure syndrome to discuss the operation indications and the operative oppor-tunity for this syndrome. Methods Data of 12 patients (seven males and five females) with 14 sides were compared to evaluate different curative effect between decompression and conservative treatment so as to optimize the initial corresponding treatment. Results The patients were at mean age of 28 years and followed up for mean six months. All patients were complicated by one and more of following symptoms in-cluding ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, proptosis and anaesthesia in the distribution of V1 and a fixed dilated pupil. There was one patient complicated by orbital apex syndrome. CT showed involvement of the superi-or orbital fissure in seven patients. Of seven patients treated with decompression, six got recovery at dif-ferent degrees. Meanwhile, three out of five patients treated with conservative treatment recovered to some extent. Conclusions Early effective treatment can improve the functional rehabilitation of the injured nerve. Decompression of superior orbital fissure is proved to be effective in ameliorating symptome, re-ducing disability and improving quality of life.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze injury characteristics and treatment of hospitalized patients wounded in Wenehuan earthquake so as to provide references for medical rescue in disasters. Methods The study involved data of seismic patients from Trauma Database System Version 3.0 that collected clini-cal data of seismic patients admitted into West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, and First and Second Hospitals of Deyang City. Trauma Database System Version 3.0 was developed by Research Institute for Traffic Medicine of PLA, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing. A comparative analysis was done on patient distribution, injury severity and medical treatment. Results There were 826 qualified patients including 410 males and 416 females ( at age range of 1-102 years, mean 45.8 years). Of all, the patients at age of 31-60 years accounted for 50. 2%. The patients were mainly peasants (43.8%, 208/477), workers (15.7%, 75/477) and students (14.1%, 67/477). Blunt injury (53.2%), crush/bury injury (22.5%) and slip/fall injury were three main causes for injury. The patients for 92.1% were admitted into two hospitals of the City of Deyang within four days after earthquake, while 81.7% of patients were admitted into West China Hospital in Chengdu at days 3-9 after earthquake. Patients with bone injuries accounted for 75.3%. The patients had abbreviated injury score (AIS) for mainly 1-3 points, with incidence rate of se-vere multiple trauma ( ISS > 16 points) of 8.2%. Internal fixation was done in 120 patients ( 34. 1% ), debridement and suturing in 103 (29.3%), external fixation in 55 ( 15.6% ), extremity amputation in 22 (6.3%) and intracerebral surgery in 2 (0.6%). Conclusions The injuries are mainly induced by collapse of buildings during earthquake. Bone injuries are predominant injury type, with AIS of mainly 1-3 points and few severe multiple trauma. The results show that the patients receive late special treat-ment and slow evacuation, indieating necessity of strengthening capacity of early medical treatment and ef-fective evacuation during destructive natural disasters.
ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a trauma database and its network version which could adapt to the need of accumulation and analysis of trauma care data in hospitals.MethodsThe Trauma Data-base System was developed based on the basic data of trauma care course, with assistance of the Windows operation system and SQL SERVER 2000 database, with vb.net and asp.net as programming language and Browser/Server model as visiting model.Results The trauma database with normative 313 fields adaptive to the process and management of trauma in hospitals was established, and the network version of Trauma Database System V3.0 was programmed.Information stream of trauma care was established,which helped implementation of functions including relational selection between international classification of diseases of trauma and abbreviated injury scale, trauma scoring and trauma care quality evaluation, ar-bitrary query and report (including tri-crosstab).The system has been used in several hospitals and data collection of seismic patients in "5 ·12" Wenchuan earthquake.Conclusions A trauma database with a network version has been developed and the software suits to the trauma care data registration in hospital, which facilitates registration of the data on occurrence, diagnosis, treatment, outcome, quality evaluation of trauma and provides convenient query and analysis of trauma data.